Receiving the results of genetic testing can be overwhelming, especially if you test positive for the BRCA1 gene mutation. Questions swirl through your mind. What does this mean for my health? How does it affect my family? And most importantly, what should I do next?
In this post, we’ll explore the ins and outs of BRCA1 and BRCA2, their impact on breast and ovarian cancer risk, and how integrative medicine can play a role in managing these risks.
Understanding BRCA1 and BRCA2
The Role of BRCA1 and BRCA2
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are genes that everyone has. Their primary function is to repair DNA and ensure the stability of our cell’s genetic material. When these genes function correctly, they actually act as tumor suppressors, helping to prevent cancer by repairing DNA or killing cells if the DNA cannot be repaired.
Everyone has two copies of each of these genes—one copy inherited from each parent.
Mutations and Cancer Risks
When there’s a mutation in these genes, their ability to repair DNA is impaired, leading to higher risks of developing certain cancers. Women with BRCA1 mutations have a 72% risk of developing breast cancer and a 44% risk of ovarian cancer by age 80 (1).
For BRCA2 mutations, the risk is slightly lower but still significant, with a 69% risk for breast cancer and a 17% risk for ovarian cancer (2). For perspective, about 13% of women in the general population develop breast cancer at some point in their life.
People who have inherited a mutation in BRCA1 or BRCA2 also tend to develop cancer at younger ages than those who do not (3).
Related: Promote Healthy Estrogen Metabolism to Reduce Breast Cancer Risk
Family History and Genetic Inheritance
These gene mutations are inherited, meaning if one of your parents carries a BRCA mutation, you have a 50% chance of inheriting it. This also means your siblings and children could be at risk.
Nearly everyone who inherits a harmful change in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene from one parent has a normal second copy of the gene inherited from the other parent (3). Having one normal copy of either gene is enough to protect cells from becoming cancerous.
Understanding your family history can provide valuable context when deciding whether to undergo genetic testing. Oftentimes, this involves personal conversations with family members about their reproductive health, including hysterectomies, irregular menstrual cycles, and other perceived “taboo” topics.
Unfortunately, the stigma surrounding these otherwise important conversations can significantly impact a woman’s health.
Read: Functional vs. Integrative Medicine: Which One is Right for You?
Genetic Testing
The Testing Process
Genetic testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations involves a simple blood or saliva test. Your healthcare provider will collect a sample and send it to a specialized lab for analysis. The test looks for specific changes or mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
Accuracy and Interpretation
While the tests are highly accurate, it’s crucial to consult with an integrative care team who can help interpret the results. A positive result signifies a mutation in one of these genes, increasing your cancer risk. However, it does not mean you will definitely develop cancer.
Implications for Family Members
A positive test result has significant implications for your family members. It means your parents, siblings, and children may also carry the mutation. A holistic healthcare professional can guide you on how to communicate these risks and recommend they undergo testing as well.
You might also like: Is Mammography Best? Alternative Methods for Breast Cancer Screening
Integrative Medicine Approaches for BRCA1 or BRCA2
Integrative medicine combines conventional medical treatments with whole-body therapies to support overall health and well-being.
Techniques such as acupuncture, yoga, and meditation can help manage stress, improve mental health, and alleviate treatment side effects.Your integrative healthcare team at CentreSpringMD will also help you evaluate other cancer risk factors, including diet, lifestyle, inflammation, or autoimmunity.
Cutting edge testing & diagnostic options allow integrative providers to get the full picture of your long-term health, instead of viewing your symptoms individually. This means greater outcomes in terms of decreasing cancer risk factors and improving your healthspan.
Related: The Two Most Powerful Cancer Prevention Strategies
Lifestyle Changes
Adopting a healthy lifestyle can significantly impact your cancer risk. This includes maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, exercising regularly, avoiding tobacco, and limiting alcohol intake.
These changes can strengthen your immune system, promote healthy estrogen metabolism, and improve overall health.
Nutritional Supplements
Certain nutritional supplements may also play a role in cancer prevention. For example, Vitamin D has been shown to reduce cancer risk, while antioxidants like Vitamins C and E help combat oxidative stress (4).
An integrative team that includes a nutrition specialist can help you design a cancer prevention plan, which includes the use of targeted supplements.
Decision-Making
Preventive Surgeries
For those with a positive BRCA test result, preventive surgeries such as mastectomy and oophorectomy (removal of the ovaries) can significantly reduce cancer risk.
Though these procedures are highly effective, they also come with physical and emotional considerations that should be thoroughly discussed with your integrative healthcare team.
Surveillance Options
If you decide preventive surgery isn’t right for you, increased surveillance can be an alternative. This includes regular mammograms, MRIs, and pelvic exams to detect cancer early when it’s most treatable.
Read: Working with Your Doctor to Identify & Heal Estrogen Dominance
Psychological Support
A positive BRCA test result can be very emotionally taxing. Seeking psychological support from counselors or support groups can help you process your emotions and make informed decisions about your health. Connecting with others who share similar experiences can also provide valuable insight and encouragement.
What to Remember
Discovering you have a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation is life-changing, but it doesn’t have to be life-defining. By understanding your risks and options, you can take proactive steps to manage your health. Integrative medicine offers a holistic approach, combining conventional treatments with innovative, whole-body therapies to support your well-being.Stay informed, consult with an experienced integrative care team, and be proactive about knowing your cancer risk factors. For more personalized advice from our knowledgeable providers, speak with a patient care coordinator now!
